Ethnicity

Hospitalization: Are We Missing an Opportunity to Identify Food Insecurity in Children?

Recently hospitalized low-income children and girls had significantly greater odds of living in food insecure households. Of potentially eligible hospitalized children, 26.9% had not received Women, Infants, and Children benefits and 31.0% had not received Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits in the past year.

Associations Between Peer Counseling and Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration: An Analysis of Minnesota Participants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

Receipt of peer services was positively associated with breastfeeding initiation and continued breastfeeding from birth through 12 months postpartum, with no significant differences between race, ethnicity or mother's country of origin.

Predictors of Obesity in a Cohort of Children Enrolled in WIC as Infants and Retained to 3 Years of Age

Substitution of flavored milk has the potential to reduce energy and total and saturated fat intake with no impact on diet costs or micronutrient density.

Association of Breastfeeding and the Federal Poverty Level: National Survey of Family Growth, 2011–2013

Federal Poverty Level was not shown to be a significant factor in breastfeeding

Barriers to Breastfeeding in the WIC Population

Factors predisposing to lower BF rates include non-Hispanic ethnicity, obesity, depression, younger age, or an incomplete high school education.

Comparison of Feeding Practices in Infants in the WIC Supplemental Nutrition Program Who Were Enrolled in Child Care as Opposed to Those with Parent Care Only

Child Care use is not a significant influence on breastfeeding rates, introduction of complementary foods, and types of complementary foods; however, it does influence when formula is introduced.

Household Food Insecurity and Dietary Patterns in Rural and Urban American Indian Families with Young Children

A high prevalence of food insecurity was determined (61%) and was associated with American Indian ethnicity, lower educational level, single adult households, WIC participation, and urban settings (p = 0.05).

Trends in Severe Obesity Among 23 Million U.S. Children Aged 2–4 Years Who Enrolled in WIC — United States, 2000–2014

During 2000-2004 prevalence of severe obesity increased overall. During 2004-2010 prevalence decreased signficiantly overal - the largest annual decreases occured in Asians, Pacific Islanders and American Indian/Alaska Native populations

Influences of the Neighbourhood Food Environment on Adiposity of Low-Income Preschool-Aged Children in Los Angeles County: A Longitudinal Study

We found a nonlinear relationship between WHZ and density of healthy food outlets.

Effects of Parent and Child Behaviours on Overweight and Obesity in Infants and Young Children from Disadvantaged Backgrounds: Systematic Review with Narrative Synthesis

This review has highlighted significant gaps in our mechanistic understanding of the relative importance of different aspects of parent and child behaviours in disadvantaged population groups.