African American

Using Focus Group Results to Inform Preschool Childhood Obesity Prevention Programming

The purpose of this study was to help determine material for developing a childhood obesity prevention program for multi-ethnic parents. researchers concluded that intervention components should focus on parent self-efficacy and incorporate themes specific for ethnic groups. The authors also suggested that there was a need for culturally sensitive health and nutrition information.

Nutrition Knowledge is Associated with Greater Weight Loss in Obese and Overweight Low-Income Mothers

The purpose of this study was to determine whether greater nutrition knowledge or gains in knowledge promoted more successful weight loss in low-income overweight and obese mothers with young children. The findings revealed that participants with overall greater knowledge lost the most weight.

Diet, Activity, and Overweight among a Sample of Preschool-Age Children Enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

This study investigated the associations between demographic, consumption, and activity variables and being overweight or at risk of becoming overweight for 2- to 4-year-olds enrolled in the WIC Program. The researchers found that 38% of the children were overweight or at risk of becoming overweight. Furthermore, race and ethnicity, increased non-juice drink consumption, and low levels of physical activity were associated with being overweight or at risk of becoming overweight.

Are American Children and Adolescents of Low Socioeconomic Status at Increased Risk of Obesity? Changes in the Association Between Overweight and Family Income Between 1971 and 2002

The researchers; goal was to determine trends in the relationship between overweight and socioeconomic status (SES), using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). According to the findings, the relationship between overweight and SES varied by race, sex, and age. In addition, the overall relationship between overweight and SES weakened over time. researchers concluded that interventions should also target race, not just SES.

Predictors of Fat Intake Behavior Differ Between Normal-Weight and Obese WIC Mothers

The purpose of the study was (1) to assess whether predictors of fat intake behavior were the same for normal-weight and obese WIC mothers, when applying the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model, and (2) to identify predictors for each group. researchers found that fat intake behavior differed between the normal-weight and the obese groups and that different messages were more likely to affect normal-weight or obese women. For example, obese women were more likely to be affected by information about the cost and accessibility of food and the time to prepare it.

Neighborhood Playgrounds, Fast Food Restaurants, and Crime: Relationships to Overweight in Low-Income Preschool Children

This study examines the relationship between overweight in preschool children and their environment. No association was found between overweight and proximity to playgrounds or fast food restaurants. Additionally, no association was found between overweight and level of neighborhood crime.

Television Viewing and Television in Bedroom Associated with Overweight Risk Among Low-Income Preschool Children

The authors evaluated the television and video viewing habits of low-income preschool children and their relationship to a child's weight status. researchers found that TV viewing was associated with overweight in preschool children. The presence of a TV in the child's bedroom was even more strongly associated with an increased risk of being overweight.

The Impact of WIC Food Package Changes on Access to Healthful Food in 2 Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods

The researchers evaluated the impact of the 2009 WIC food package changes on the availability of healthful food. After the introduction of the new food packages, the availability of healthful food increased significantly in stores, overall, with more substantial increases in WIC-authorized stores.

The Effect of Baby-friendly Status on Exclusive Breastfeeding in U.S. Hospitals

The BF hospital designation was associated with significantly higher EBF rates independent of demographic variables. Support for hospitals to attain the BF hospital designation is a meaningful public health goal.

Integrating Obstetrical Care and WIC Nutritional Services to Address Maternal Obesity and Postpartum Weight Retention

In this trial fifty-three African-American women were randomized into the intervention and control groups. Intervention participants retained significantly less gestational weight gain than control participants - proving that an integrated WIC and obstetrical service model is feasible and can limit postpartum weight retention in obese women.